In Java, single inheritance refers to the capability of a class to inherit properties and behaviours from only one superclass.
           Single inheritance helps maintain code simplicity and avoids ambiguity in method resolution, promoting a clear class hierarchy. However, it limits a class to inherit from only one superclass, potentially restricting code reuse in more complex scenarios, where multiple inheritance might be desired.
For example, consider a Person class representing basic information and a Programmer class extending Person to inherit those attributes. The Programmer class can then add specialized attributes like programming languages and skills.