In Java, Composition, Inheritance, and Delegation are three fundamental concepts used in object-oriented programming, each serving distinct purposes in structuring classes and their relationships. Composition Composition involves creating complex objects by combining simpler ones, forming a “has-a” relationship. In Java, this is achieved by including an instance of another class within a class. For example, …
Access specifiers in Java are keywords that define the visibility or accessibility of classes, methods, and fields within a Java program. There are four access specifiers in Java: public, private, protected, and default (package-private). Public The public access specifier allows unrestricted access to the associated class, method, or field. It can be accessed from any …
Concurrent collections are specialized data structures in programming that facilitate safe and efficient manipulation of shared data by multiple threads in a concurrent environment. Traditional collections, like lists, queues, or maps, often face issues like race conditions when accessed by multiple threads simultaneously. Concurrent collections address these issues by providing built-in thread-safe operations. Concurrent collections …
Method overloading in Java is a powerful feature that allows a class to have multiple methods with the same name but different parameters within the same class. This provides flexibility and enhances code readability. The main advantages of method overloading in Java are as follows Readability and Simplicity:Method overloading makes code more readable and simpler …
In Java, constructor overloading refers to the practice of defining multiple constructors within a class, each with a different parameter list. This allows an object to be instantiated in various ways, providing flexibility and versatility in how instances of a class are created. Constructor overloading is a form of polymorphism in which a class has …
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a fundamental paradigm in the world of software development. It’s a programming approach that revolves around the concept of “objects” and provides a structured way to model real-world entities, their behaviours, and their interactions within a computer program. This introduction will delve into the core principles and concepts of OOP, providing …
In Java, nested classes and inner classes provide a way to group classes within another class, allowing for better organization of code and encapsulation of functionality. There are two types of nested classes: static nested classes and inner classes. Static Nested Classes A static nested class is a class declared as a static member of …
Garbage collection in Java is the automatic process by which the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) identifies and removes objects that are no longer reachable or in use by the program. The primary purpose of garbage collection is to reclaim memory occupied by objects that are no longer needed, freeing up resources and preventing memory leaks. …
In Java, the this keyword is a reference variable that is used to refer to the current object within a method or constructor. It is particularly useful in situations where instance variables and parameters have the same names, helping to distinguish between the two and avoid naming conflicts. Key Uses of the this Keyword Distinguishing …
Constructors in Java are special methods within a class that are used to initialize objects of that class. They have the same name as the class and do not have a return type, not even void. Constructors are automatically invoked when an object is created using the new keyword. Key Points about Constructors Name and …
