java.util.Vector

java.util.Vector is a legacy class in the Java Collections Framework that implements a growable array of objects, meaning it can dynamically increase its size as elements are added. Introduced in the early versions of Java, Vector is synchronized, making it thread-safe by default. This means that only one thread can access the methods of a Vector object at a time, which is useful in multi-threaded environments but can lead to performance overhead in single-threaded scenarios. It implements the List interface and extends AbstractList, allowing it to store duplicate elements, maintain insertion order, and support random access via indices. Unlike ArrayList, which is not synchronized, Vector is suitable when multiple threads are modifying a list concurrently. Key methods include add(), get(), remove(), size(), capacity(), elementAt(), and firstElement(). 

In modern Java development, Vector is rarely used directly; alternatives like ArrayList (for non-thread-safe operations) or Collections.synchronizedList() (for synchronized access) are preferred due to better performance and flexibility.

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Vector